The relative position and colour intensity of the bands with and without lectin a migration retarding sugarbinding protein can provide a qualitative impression as to the organ origin of the alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme s. Multiple forms of human serum alkaline phosphatase. Using acrylamide gel electrophoresis the serum alkaline phosphatase alp isoenzyme patterns of 204 patients with chronic renal failure have been exam ined for periods up to 18 months in length. Alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme patterns in malignant disease. Report testing, phd 3060 s church street, burlington, nc 27215 01. We report an easy, rapid method for quantifying bone isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase ec 3. Summary of test principle and clinical relevance the lx system uses an enzymatic rate using a 2amino2methyl1propanol amp buffer to measure alp activity in serum or plasma. Any of the organspecific alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes. Basically, the regan isozenzyme is an alkaline phosphatase that is.
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful. Alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme test alkaline phosphatase alp is an enzyme found in many body tissues such as liver, bile ducts, bone, and intestine. Alkaline phosphatase alp is an enzyme thats naturally present throughout your body. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent. We compared in 2 prostatic carcinoma patients the results of total alkaline phosphatase, bonespecific alka. The alp isoenzyme test is a lab test that measures the amounts of different types of alp in the blood. Intestinal ap occurs almost exclusively in individuals with blood group b or o and is increased 8 hours after a fatty meal. Alkaline phosphatase and isoenzymes definition of alkaline. Alkaline phosphatase alp in refrigerated serum nhanes. Each isoenzyme of alp is different, depending on where in. Bones that are still growing produce higher levels of alp. Alkaline phosphatase measurements are used in the diagnosis and treatment of liver, bone, and parathyroid. Serum alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme patterns in patients. Placental andtissuenonspecific lsoenzymeshydrolyze phosphoethanolamine, inorganic pyrophosphate, andpyridoxal 5phosphate substrateaccumulation in carriers of hypophosphatasia correctsduring pregnancy michael p.
What do your alkaline phosphatase test results mean. Alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme patterns in normal sera of. Alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes regional medical lab test. Alkaline phosphatase deficiency is a hereditary trait called hypophosphatasia, which results in bone deformities. Iap exerts its effects through dephosphorylation of.
Pdf alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes and leukocyte alkaline. Hypervitaminosis d may cause elevations in alkaline phosphatase. If your alp level is high, your doctor may have you take another test, called an alp isoenzyme test, to check whether the alkaline phosphatase in your blood is coming from your liver or your bones. Alkaline phosphatase is also present in the blood and is an important clinical diagnostic indicator for several illnesses, including chronic myelogenous leukemia. Labcorp test details for alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes.
This rate of change in absorbance is directly proportional to the alp activity in the serum. Pdf isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase in epileptic. The file is opened and copied to an excel spreadsheet for evaluation. The role of intestinal alkaline phosphatase in inflammatory. There are several different forms of alp called isoenzymes. The results have been used to support the theory that in biliary obstruction the increase in serum alkaline phosphatase is in part due to regurgitation of the biliary isoenzymes. The human alkaline phosphatases constitute a system of multiple molecular forms. The total alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity was estimated 6,7. During some growth spurts, levels can be as high as 500. These are derived from the liver, intestine, bone, and placenta 1, 2. The skeletal isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase has been associated with the process of bone formation and minerali zation since 1923 3, 4, and in patients with pagets disease.
State patients age and sex on the test request form. When uncertainty persists in determining the origin of increased total alkaline phosphatase alp, isoenzyme studies are performed to determine which of the predominant isoenzyme, either bone, liver, intestine or if pregnant, the placenta, is causing the total increase. Alkaline phosphatase alp in refrigerated serum nhanes 20012002 collaborative laboratory services, l. Alkaline phosphatase in refrigerated serum nhanes 20072008. Alkaline phosphatase alp is an enzyme found in the liver. Alkaline phosphatase alp is primarily an indicator of. Introduction alpalkaline phosphotaseis a hydrolase enzyme responsible for removing phosphate groups from many types of molecule including neucleotides,proteins and alkaloids. The excel files containing all raw data and results are backed up once a week using a cd writer or external drive for storage. Iap is an important apical brush border enzyme expressed throughout the gastrointestinal tract and secreted both into the intestinal lumen and into the bloodstream.
The system monitors the rate of change in absorbance at 410 nm over a fixedtime interval. Laboratory procedure manual centers for disease control. Alkaline phosphatase comes in many different forms, depending largely on the area of the body and organ in which they are produced. Turnaround time is defined as the usual number of days from the date of pickup of a specimen for testing to when the result is released to the ordering provider. Its structure depends on where in the body it is produced, such as the liver and bones. Cellular function is poorly described, but these are membrane bound enzymes present in most tissues.
Over the past few years, the role of intestinal alkaline phosphatase iap as a crucial mucosal defence factor essential for maintaining gut homeostasis has been established. In rickets and osteomalacia, serum calcium and phosphorus are low to normal, and alkaline phosphatase may be normal or increased. Alkaline phosphatase refers to a group of enzymes that catalyze hydrol ysis of phosphate esters in an alkaline environment in vitro. Alkaline phosphatase alp, alkp, alpase, alk phos ec 3.
Additional sources of alp include the proximal tubules of the kidneys, pulmonary alveolar cells, germ cells, vascular bed, lactating mammary glands, and granulocytes of circulating blood. In severe cases, the deficiency leads to early death from infection. Alkaline phosphatase alp is present in a number of tissues including liver, bone, intestine, and placenta. The regan isoenzyme is one of the best studies of these isoenzymes that is linked to several human cancers. The alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes are separated by electrophoresis into different bands.
Relative percentages of liver, bone, and intestinal alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes and total alkaline phosphatase. Alk phos isoenzyme tests result flag units reference interval lab alk phos isoenzyme alkaline phosphatase, s 88 iul 39. Pdf alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme patterns in malignant disease. Of those with elevated serum alp activity the bone isoenzyme was largely responsible. In paget disease of bone there is often isolated elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase. Alkaline phosphatase alp is a substance found in all body tissues. Serum alp is of interest in the diagnosis of 2 main groups of conditionshepatobiliary disease and bone disease associated with increased. L1 can be increased in some nonmalignant diseases such as cholestasis, cirrhosis, viral hepatitis and in various biliary and hepatic pathologies.
The activity of alp found in serum is a composite of isoenzymes from those sites and, in some circumstances, placental or regan isoenzymes. All mammalian alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes except placental palp. Alp alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme medical tests ucsf. Many of the diagnostic advantages of alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme analysis can be obtained. The excel spreadsheet results file data are copied to the shipment excel file and sent using internet ftp transfer of files or emailed to westat within 21 days of sample receipt. The original method described by rosalki and ying foo clin chem 1984. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 775k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. The process of removing the phosphate group is called dephosphorylation. Alkaline phosphatase, total and isoenzymes, serum essentia. Alkaline phosphatase is a broad term associated with nonspecific phosphomonesterases with activity optima at alkaline ph.
Full text get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 685k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Transition of serum alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes during. Early treatment of patients with malignant disease and liver or bone metastasis may increase their survival time. May 25, 2018 alkaline phosphatase alp is an enzyme thats naturally present throughout your body. Diagnosis and treatment of liver, bone, intestinal, and parathyroid diseases. Aug 24, 2012 however, for some patients, performing isoenzyme analysis will focus the direction of investigation. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase in patients with chronic. Diagnosis and treatment of liver, bone, intestinal, and parathyroid diseases determining the tissue source of increased alkaline phosphatase alp. Evaluation of two new methods for routine measurement of alkaline. Alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme analysis is not indicated when the total alkaline phosphatase is not markedly raised. High activities are present in liver, bone, intestine, kidney, and placenta. The normal value for total alp is 44 to 147 international units per liter iul or 0. Normally, 2% of the total serum alkaline phosphatase is represented by the intesti nal isoenzyme.
The run numbers, and date specimens were received are entered into the excel file. Alp isoenzyme testing may have differing normal values. Alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme definition of alkaline. Each monomer contains five cysteine residues, two zinc atoms and one magnesium atom crucial to its catalytic function, and it is optimally active at alkaline ph environments. An interpretation of the serum alkaline phosphatase. Pdf early treatment of patients with malignant disease and liver or bone metastasis may increase their survival time.
Alkaline phosphatase is divided into four isozymes depending upon the site of tissue expression that are intestinal alp, placental alp, germ. Alkaline phosphatase serum, plasma 1 name and description of analyte 1. Evaluate contribution of liver, bone, and intestinal isoenzymes in relationship to total alkaline phosphatase. Isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase useful parameters for. Transition of serum alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes during liver regeneration in humans article in hepatogastroenterology 58110111. Alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme tests will help measure the amounts of different types of alkaline phosphatase present in the blood.
445 969 974 690 1512 904 203 1049 924 21 710 1205 169 444 1162 1453 785 293 1222 12 1232 1419 354 992 1082 1561 704 1359 1051 276 158 856 1424 741 554 1054 54 1142 1392 973 957 652